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Simulation and experimental improvement on a small-scale Stirling thermo-acoustic engine

Mao CHEN,Yonglin JU

《能源前沿(英文)》 2016年 第10卷 第1期   页码 37-45 doi: 10.1007/s11708-015-0390-6

摘要: Compared with the traditional engines, the thermo-acoustic engines are relatively new and can act as the linear compressors for refrigerators. Many institutes have shown great interest in this kind of machine for its absence of moving mechanical part. In this paper, the influence of the dimensions of the main parts of the small-scale Stirling thermo-acoustic engine was numerically simulated using a computer code called DeltaEC. The resonator and the resonator cavity were found to be the most convenient and effective in improving the performance of the engine. Based on the numerical simulation, a small-scale Stirling thermo-acoustic engine were constructed and experimentally investigated. Currently, with a resonator length of only 1 m, the working frequency of the engine was decreased to 90 Hz and the onset temperature difference was decreased to 198.2 K.

关键词: thermo-acoustic Stirling engine     small-scale     simulation     experiment    

Analysis and characterization of wind-solar-constant torque spring hybridized model

Shantanu ACHARYA,Subhadeep BHATTACHARJEE

《能源前沿(英文)》 2014年 第8卷 第3期   页码 279-289 doi: 10.1007/s11708-014-0312-z

摘要: Solar and wind are the most promising renewable energy resources. But their unpredictable and varying nature prevents them from being used as the sole resource for power generation. This paper presents a model of wind and solar thermal hybrid power plant with a spring storage system which is expected to play an efficient role in combating with the drawbacks related to renewable power generation. In the proposed scheme, wind energy is harnessed by a hybrid vertical axis wind turbine, solar energy is utilized by a Stirling engine, and the surplus energy is stored in a winding spring. The paper discusses the working methodologies and analyses the performance of such 2.6 kW hybrid power plant model. It has been observed that the plant is capable of consistently generating 50% of its rated capacity irrespective of limitations in solar and wind resources.

关键词: hybrid vertical axis wind turbine     Stirling engine     solar-thermal energy     wind energy     constant torque spring    

Gas dynamic characteristic of displacer in Stirling cryocoolers

LIU Xinguang, LIU Dongyu, WANG Yong, WU Yinong

《能源前沿(英文)》 2008年 第2卷 第4期   页码 499-503 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0090-6

摘要: Based on the vector analysis of the dynamic characteristic of the displacer in split-type Stirling cryocoolers, experimental study was performed on a 2 W@80 K cooler to uncover the relationship among pressure fluctuation, damped impedance, inherent frequency, cold-tip temperature and the cooling performance. The result shows that the pressure amplitude and phase shift between pressure and displacer motion decrease when the cooling temperature decreases; the dynamic damp of the displacer increases at lower cooling temperature, which results in the increase of pressure drop of the regenerator, the decrease of average pressure of the cold cubage, the decrease of gas dynamic pressure, the decrease of phase shift between pressure and displacer motion, and the displacement of the regenerator and the PV power; at lower cooling temperature, the inherent frequency of the displacer increases because of the augmentation of gas spring constant. And as the inherent frequency is getting closer to the operating frequency, the drive current of the motor decreases; the piston of the compressor affects the displacer by the pressure fluctuation engendered by its motion, and the displacer reacts by changing the mass and momentum distribution to adjust the gas spring constant and the damp coefficient.

Energy distribution between liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen temperatures in a Stirling/pulse tube refrigerator

《能源前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第4期   页码 516-526 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0844-6

摘要: A two-stage gas-coupled Stirling/pulse tube refrigerator (SPR), whose first and second stages respectively involve Stirling and pulse tube refrigeration cycles, is a very promising spaceborne refrigerator. The SPR has many advantages, such as a compact structure, high reliability, and high performance, and is expected to become an essential refrigerator for space applications. In research regarding gas-coupled regenerative refrigerator, the energy flow distribution between the two stages, and optimal phase difference between the pressure wave and volume flow, are two critical parameters that could widely influence refrigerator performance. The effects of displacer displacement on the pressure wave, phase difference, acoustic power distribution, and inter-stage cooling capacity shift of the SPR have been investigated experimentally. Notably, to obtain the maximum first-stage cooling capacity, an inflection point in displacement exists. When the displacer displacement is larger than the inflection point, the cooling capacity could be distributed between the first and second stages. In the present study, an SPR was designed and manufactured to work between the liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen temperatures, which can be used to cool small-scale zero boil-off systems and space detectors. Under appropriate displacer displacement, the SPR can reach a no-load cooling temperature of 15.4 K and obtain 2.6 W cooling capacity at 70 K plus 0.1 W cooling capacity at 20 K with 160 W compressor input electric power.

关键词: Stirling/pulse tube refrigerator     displacer displacement     space application     phase shift     energy distribution    

A space power system of free piston Stirling generator based on potassium heat pipe

Mingqiang LIN, Jian MOU, Chunyun CHI, Guotong HONG, Panhe GE, Gu HU

《能源前沿(英文)》 2020年 第14卷 第1期   页码 1-10 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0655-6

摘要: The power system of a free piston Stirling generator (FPSG) based on potassium heat pipes has been developed in this paper. Thanks to the advantages of long life, high reliability, and high overall thermal efficiency, the FPSG is a promising candidate for nuclear energy, especially in space exploration. In this paper, the recent progress of FPSG based on nuclear reactor for space use was briefly reviewed. A novel FPSG weighted only 4.2 kg was designed, and one dimensional thermodynamic modeling of the FPSG using Sage software was performed to estimate its performance. The experiment results indicated that this FPSG could provide 142.4 W at a thermal-to-electric efficiency of nearly 17.4%. Besides, the power system integrated with four FPSGs and potassium heat pipes was performed and the single machine failure test was conducted. The results show that this system could provide an electrical power of 300 W at an overall thermal efficiency of 7.3%. Thus, it is concluded that this power system is feasible and will have a great prospect for future applications.

关键词: free piston Stirling generator (FPSG)     potassium heat pipe     power system     energy conversion    

Theoretical modeling and experimental verifications of the single-compressor-driven three-stage Stirling-type

Haizheng DANG, Dingli BAO, Zhiqian GAO, Tao ZHANG, Jun TAN, Rui ZHA, Jiaqi LI, Ning LI, Yongjiang ZHAO, Bangjian ZHAO

《能源前沿(英文)》 2019年 第13卷 第3期   页码 450-463 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0569-8

摘要: This paper establishes a theoretical model of the single-compressor-driven (SCD) three-stage Stirling-type pulse tube cryocooler (SPTC) and conducts experimental verifications. The main differences between the SCD type and the multi-compressor-driven (MCD) cryocooler are analyzed, such as the distribution of the input acoustic power in each stage and the optimization of the operating parameters, in which both advantages and difficulties of the former are stressed. The effects of the dynamic temperatures are considered to improve the accuracy of the simulation at very low temperatures, and a specific simulation example aiming at 10 K is given in which quantitative analyses are provided. A SCD three-stage SPTC is developed based on the theoretical analyses and with a total input acoustic power of 371.58 W, which reaches a no-load temperature of 8.82 K and can simultaneously achieve the cooling capacities of 2.4 W at 70 K, 0.17 W at 25 K, and 0.05 W at 10 K. The performance of the SCD three-stage SPTC is slightly poorer than that of its MCD counterpart developed in the same laboratory, but the advantages of lightweight and compactness make the former more attractive to practical applications.

关键词: single-compressor-driven     three-stage     Stirling-type pulse tube cryocooler     theoretical modeling     experimental verification    

Multi-objective optimization in a finite time thermodynamic method for dish-Stirling by branch and bound

Mohammad Reza NAZEMZADEGAN, Alibakhsh KASAEIAN, Somayeh TOGHYANI, Mohammad Hossein AHMADI, R. SAIDUR, Tingzhen MING

《能源前沿(英文)》 2020年 第14卷 第3期   页码 649-665 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0548-0

摘要: There are various analyses for a solar system with the dish-Stirling technology. One of those analyses is the finite time thermodynamic analysis by which the total power of the system can be obtained by calculating the process time. In this study, the convection and radiation heat transfer losses from collector surface, the conduction heat transfer between hot and cold cylinders, and cold side heat exchanger have been considered. During this investigation, four objective functions have been optimized simultaneously, including power, efficiency, entropy, and economic factors. In addition to the four-objective optimization, three-objective, two-objective, and single-objective optimizations have been done on the dish-Stirling model. The algorithm of multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) with post-expression of preferences is used for multi-objective optimizations while the branch and bound algorithm with pre-expression of preferences is used for single-objective and multi-objective optimizations. In the case of multi-objective optimizations with post-expression of preferences, Pareto optimal front are obtained, afterward by implementing the fuzzy, LINMAP, and TOPSIS decision making algorithms, the single optimum results can be achieved. The comparison of the results shows the benefits of MOPSO in optimizing dish Stirling finite time thermodynamic equations.

关键词: dish-Stirling     finite time model     branch and bound algorithm     multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO)    

Design and modeling of a free-piston engine generator

《能源前沿(英文)》   页码 811-821 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0848-2

摘要: Free-piston engine generators (FPEGs) can be applied as decarbonized range extenders for electric vehicles because of their high thermal efficiency, low friction loss, and ultimate fuel flexibility. In this paper, a parameter-decoupling approach is proposed to model the design of an FPEG. The parameter-decoupling approach first divides the FPEG into three parts: a two-stroke engine, an integrated scavenging pump, and a linear permanent magnet synchronous machine (LPMSM). Then, each of these is designed according to predefined specifications and performance targets. Using this decoupling approach, a numerical model of the FPEG, including the three aforementioned parts, was developed. Empirical equations were adopted to design the engine and scavenging pump, while special considerations were applied for the LPMSM. A finite element model with a multi-objective genetic algorithm was adopted for its design. The finite element model results were fed back to the numerical model to update the LPMSM with increased fidelity. The designed FPEG produced 10.2 kW of electric power with an overall system efficiency of 38.5% in a stable manner. The model provides a solid foundation for the manufacturing of related FPEG prototypes.

关键词: free-piston engine generator     linear permanent magnet synchronous machine     system design     numerical model     finite element method    

Study of engine performance, emission and combustion characteristics fueled with diesel-like fuel producedfrom waste engine oil and waste plastics

V. Edwin Geo, Ankit Sonthalia, Fethi Aloui, Femilda Josephin J. S.

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1063-6

摘要:

To derive liquid fuel from waste engine oil and plastics thorough pyrolysis process

To make equal blend of waste engine oil and plastics with diesel fuel

To find the suitability of fuel from waste in diesel engine through performance, emission and combustion characteristics

关键词: Waste engine oil     Waste plastic oil     Diesel fuel     Pyrolysis     Compression ignition engine    

A new miniaturized engine based on thermomagnetic effect of magnetic fluids

Lujun ZHOU, Yimin XUAN, Qiang LI, Wenlei LIAN

《能源前沿(英文)》 2009年 第3卷 第2期   页码 160-166 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0018-9

摘要: A new engine system, essentially consisting of a permanent NdFeB magnet, a kerosene-based magnetic fluid and a rotor, is proposed based on the thermomagnetic effect of a temperature-sensitive magnetic fluid. The rotor was driven by the thermal convection of the magnetic fluid in the presence of a homogeneous external magnetic field. A digital camera was used to record the rotation speed of the rotor to investigate the performance of the engine system under varying conditions such as heat load, heat sink temperature, and magnetic field distribution. The peak angle velocity obtained for the rotor was about 2.1 rad/min. The results illustrate that the rotation speed of the rotor increases as the input heat load increases, or as the heat sink temperature decreases. The performance of the motor is considerably influenced by the magnetic field imposed. Therefore, the performance of such an engine can be controlled conveniently by changing the external magnetic field and/or the temperature distribution in the fluid.

关键词: magnetic fluid     thermomagnetic effect     engine    

Full-field dynamic strain reconstruction of an aero-engine blade from limited displacement responses

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第18卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0731-1

摘要: Blade strain distribution and its change with time are crucial for reliability analysis and residual life evaluation in blade vibration tests. Traditional strain measurements are achieved by strain gauges (SGs) in a contact manner at discrete positions on the blades. This study proposes a method of full-field and real-time strain reconstruction of an aero-engine blade based on limited displacement responses. Limited optical measured displacement responses are utilized to reconstruct the full-field strain. The full-field strain distribution is in-time visualized. A displacement-to-strain transformation matrix is derived on the basis of the blade mode shapes in the modal coordinate. The proposed method is validated on an aero-engine blade in numerical and experimental cases. Three discrete vibrational displacement responses measured by laser triangulation sensors are used to reconstruct the full-field strain over the whole operating time. The reconstructed strain responses are compared with the results measured by SGs and numerical simulation. The high consistency between the reconstructed and measured results demonstrates the accurate strain reconstructed by the method. This paper provides a low-cost, real-time, and visualized measurement of blade full-field dynamic strain using displacement response, where the traditional SGs would fail.

关键词: aero-engine blade     displacement response     dynamic strain reconstruction     mode shape     strain gauge    

Satellite scheduling engine: The intelligent solver for future multi-satellite management

《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2022年 第9卷 第4期   页码 683-688 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0222-4

Group-based multiple pipe routing method for aero-engine focusing on parallel layout

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第16卷 第4期   页码 798-813 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0645-3

摘要: External pipe routing for aero-engine in limited three-dimensional space is a typical nondeterministic polynomial hard problem, where the parallel layout of pipes plays an important role in improving the utilization of layout space, facilitating pipe assembly, and maintenance. This paper presents an automatic multiple pipe routing method for aero-engine that focuses on parallel layout. The compressed visibility graph construction algorithm is proposed first to determine rapidly the rough path and interference relationship of the pipes to be routed. Based on these rough paths, the information of pipe grouping and sequencing are obtained according to the difference degree and interference degree, respectively. Subsequently, a coevolutionary improved differential evolution algorithm, which adopts the coevolutionary strategy, is used to solve multiple pipe layout optimization problem. By using this algorithm, pipes in the same group share the layout space information with one another, and the optimal layout solution of pipes in this group can be obtained in the same evolutionary progress. Furthermore, to eliminate the minor angle deviation of parallel pipes that would cause assembly stress in actual assembly, an accurate parallelization processing method based on the simulated annealing algorithm is proposed. Finally, the simulation results on an aero-engine demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词: multiple pipe routing     optimization algorithm     aero-engine     pipe grouping     parallel layout    

Progress in hydrogen enriched hydrocarbons combustion and engine applications

Zuohua HUANG, Jinhua WANG, Erjiang HU, Chenglong TANG, Yingjia ZHANG

《能源前沿(英文)》 2014年 第8卷 第1期   页码 73-80 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0287-1

摘要: The paper summarized the work on hydrogen enriched hydrocarbons combustion and its application in engines. The progress and understanding on laminar burning velocity, flame instability, flame structure flame and chemical kinetics were presented. Based on fundamental combustion, both homogeneous spark-ignition engine and direct-injection spark-ignition engine fueled with natural gas-hydrogen blends were conducted and the technical route of natural gas-hydrogen combined with exhaust gas recirculation was proposed which experimentally demonstrated benefits on both thermal efficiency improvement and emissions reduction.

关键词: hydrogen enriched hydrocarbon combustion     fundamental study     engine application    

Typical off-design analytical performances of internal combustion engine cogeneration

Xiaohong HE, Ruixian CAI

《能源前沿(英文)》 2009年 第3卷 第2期   页码 184-192 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0007-z

摘要: Based on experimental data, typical off-design characteristic curves with corresponding formulas of internal combustion engine (ICE) are summarized and investigated. In combination with analytical solution of single-pressure heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) and influence of ambient pressure on combined heat and power (CHP) system, off-design operation regularities of ICE cogeneration are analyzed. The approach temperature difference Δ , relative steam production and superheated steam temperature decrease with the decrease in engine load. The total energy efficiency, equivalent exergy efficiency and economic exergy efficiency first increase and then decrease. Therefore, there exists an optimum value, corresponding to ICE best efficiency operating condition. It is worth emphasizing that Δ is likely to be negative in low load condition with high design steam parameter and low ICE design exhaust gas temperature. Compared with single shaft gas turbine cogeneration, Δ in ICE cogeneration is more likely to be negative. The main reason for this is that the gas turbine has an increased exhaust gas flow with the decrease in load; while ICE is on the contrary. Moreover, ICE power output and efficiency decrease with the decrease in ambient pressure. Hence, approach temperature difference, relative steam production and superheated steam temperature decrease rapidly while the cogeneration efficiencies decrease slightly. It is necessary to consider the influence of ambient conditions, especially the optimization of ICE performances at different places, on cogeneration performances.

关键词: internal combustion engine (ICE)     cogeneration     heat recovery steam generator (HRSG)     off-design     superheated steam     saturated steam     ambient pressure    

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Simulation and experimental improvement on a small-scale Stirling thermo-acoustic engine

Mao CHEN,Yonglin JU

期刊论文

Analysis and characterization of wind-solar-constant torque spring hybridized model

Shantanu ACHARYA,Subhadeep BHATTACHARJEE

期刊论文

Gas dynamic characteristic of displacer in Stirling cryocoolers

LIU Xinguang, LIU Dongyu, WANG Yong, WU Yinong

期刊论文

Energy distribution between liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen temperatures in a Stirling/pulse tube refrigerator

期刊论文

A space power system of free piston Stirling generator based on potassium heat pipe

Mingqiang LIN, Jian MOU, Chunyun CHI, Guotong HONG, Panhe GE, Gu HU

期刊论文

Theoretical modeling and experimental verifications of the single-compressor-driven three-stage Stirling-type

Haizheng DANG, Dingli BAO, Zhiqian GAO, Tao ZHANG, Jun TAN, Rui ZHA, Jiaqi LI, Ning LI, Yongjiang ZHAO, Bangjian ZHAO

期刊论文

Multi-objective optimization in a finite time thermodynamic method for dish-Stirling by branch and bound

Mohammad Reza NAZEMZADEGAN, Alibakhsh KASAEIAN, Somayeh TOGHYANI, Mohammad Hossein AHMADI, R. SAIDUR, Tingzhen MING

期刊论文

Design and modeling of a free-piston engine generator

期刊论文

Study of engine performance, emission and combustion characteristics fueled with diesel-like fuel producedfrom waste engine oil and waste plastics

V. Edwin Geo, Ankit Sonthalia, Fethi Aloui, Femilda Josephin J. S.

期刊论文

A new miniaturized engine based on thermomagnetic effect of magnetic fluids

Lujun ZHOU, Yimin XUAN, Qiang LI, Wenlei LIAN

期刊论文

Full-field dynamic strain reconstruction of an aero-engine blade from limited displacement responses

期刊论文

Satellite scheduling engine: The intelligent solver for future multi-satellite management

期刊论文

Group-based multiple pipe routing method for aero-engine focusing on parallel layout

期刊论文

Progress in hydrogen enriched hydrocarbons combustion and engine applications

Zuohua HUANG, Jinhua WANG, Erjiang HU, Chenglong TANG, Yingjia ZHANG

期刊论文

Typical off-design analytical performances of internal combustion engine cogeneration

Xiaohong HE, Ruixian CAI

期刊论文